Gh	Th	Dh	Sh
غ	ث	ذ	ش
r Paris in French	three	mother	sh
a	i	u	'
ـَ	ـِ	ـُ	ء
but	bit	put	a
Ş ş	Đ đ	Ţ ţ	q
ص	ض	ط	ق
bus	dull	tumble	car
Ā ā	Ī ī	Ū ū	á
ـَا	ـِي	ـُو	ى
bad	beat	fruit	the
`	Say a-a-a-ah and try to raise the lower part of your throat in order to narrow the passage through which the air is expelled.
ع
Ĥ ĥ	Produced by expelling the air through a narrowed throat in much the same way as when one tries to clear one's throat.
ح
Ž ž	Start with the th sound in mother, then raise your tongue as much possible to produce the ž.
ظ
kh	The sound of ch in Scottish loch, but rougher.
خ